Abstract
Background: Coalition governments involve multiple political parties uniting to govern
because of the absence of a majority party in the council following electoral outcomes. In South
Africa, coalitions have become much more common since the 2016 and 2021 local government
elections.
Aim: This study investigates the implications of unstable coalition governments on municipal
administration within the Gauteng metropolitan municipalities.
Setting: The study focused on the City of Tshwane, Ekurhuleni, and the City of Johannesburg
metropolitan municipalities in the Gauteng Province of South Africa.
Methods: Employing a qualitative approach with a case study design, this research draws
upon secondary sources and employs thematic analysis for a comprehensive examination of
data.
Results: The findings underscore that unstable coalition governments exert multifaceted
effects on municipal administration in Gauteng. Firstly, they erode the foundational principles
of democratic and accountable governance. Secondly, the instability adversely affects the
provision of essential services. Thirdly, the process of budget formulation and approval is
compromised. Fourthly, the precarious nature of political coalitions jeopardises creating a safe
and healthy municipal environment and contributes to hung councils. Fifthly, municipal
human resource practices are negatively influenced, alongside challenges in effectively
managing municipal funds.
Conclusion: There is a critical need for government and municipalities to institute effective
legislation and policies addressing the challenges associated with unstable coalition
governments in order to foster stability, promoting democratic values and ensuring efficient
municipal administration within the Gauteng metropolitan context.
Contribution: The study makes key recommendations for improving municipal administration
under coalition councils in South Africa’s metros.