Abstract
BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is transforming every industry and creating a huge economic value. In healthcare, AI is bringing significant enhancements such as identification of risk factors and prevention of diseases, powering surgical robots and optimizing hospital efficiency through machine learning, system optimization and improved predictability and adaptability. However, the acceptance and uptake of AI in public hospitals requires effective management and leadership processes.AimThe aim of the study was to explore and describe the management and leadership processes in AI facilitation at the South African public hospitals.MethodsQualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual, and phenomenological research design and approach were adopted to achieve the aim of the study. Five phases were followed to conduct the study from the operational managers of a public hospital. Twelve individuals' interviews were conducted to collect data, and thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke was adopted to analyze data. Ethical and trustworthiness principles were upheld to ensure the credibility of the study.ResultsFour themes were extracted from the analysis: (1) staff development practices, (2) participative leadership practices, (3) change management application, and (4) interprofessional communication.ConclusionAI and South African digital health strategy implementation are critical to develop a healthcare system that is responsive to the contemporary healthcare challenges of this digital age. With effective management and leadership processes in AI facilitation, this is not farfetched. Healthcare professionals should be developed on AI and be involved in its implementation, while adopting effective change management models and interprofessional communication methods.