Abstract
Pumped Energy Storage Schemes play a critical role in electricity grid stability and energy security by storing excess electricity for later use. Pressure vessels in these systems are subject to rigorous inspection regimes because of their potential risks to safety and per-formance. Traditional Time-Based Inspection, while effective, can be costly and inefficient. This paper investigates the application of Risk-Based Inspection methodologies to opti-mise inspection planning, reduce costs, and maintain safety in Pumped Energy Storage Scheme pressure vessels. The study presents a structured framework for implementing Risk-Based Inspection, demonstrates the potential for cost savings through comparative analysis, and highlights its alignment with regulatory requirements in South Africa.