Abstract
Thermal has significant effects on the metal structure during welding process; it plays vital roles in rearranging
molecular structure of the metal being welded. It is of great importance to have the knowledge of thermal,
temperature, thermo-mechanical and heat distribution on the workpiece in friction stir welding as this will help in
designing process and the model parameters for welding application in the following welded joints, edge butt, lap,
square butt, T lap, fillet, multiple lap etc. The physics of heat generation must be explored in order to understand the
workability of friction stir welding (FSW). The FSW process begun with initial friction of mechanical that took place
between the tool and the welded surface resulting in the generation of heat. Since the discovery of Friction Stir
Welding (FSW) in 1991, many researchers have done tremendous investigations into the process and many
experimental, theoretical, numerical, empirical, computational and analytical methods have been carried out in order
to analyse and optimize FSW and to understand the complex mechanism in friction stir welding at the same time to
deal with effects of various parameters relating to thermal profile during the process of FSW.