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Oligarchic sovereignty : technology and the future of global order
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Oligarchic sovereignty : technology and the future of global order

Maha Rafi Atal, Jack Taggart, Seth Schindler, Sarah Logan, Alina Utrata, Erin Lockwood and Daniel Drezner
Review of international studies, Vol.52(1), pp.1-23
01/01/2026
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/10210/521746

Abstract

Forum
Contemporary technology oligarchs are reshaping global power through their control over critical infrastructures, political institutions, and ideas. Across six essays, this forum examines the territorial, temporal, and ideational ambitions of Silicon Valley billionaires, highlighting how individuals like Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, Peter Thiel, and Mark Zuckerberg exercise unprecedented influence over states and societies. From charter cities and network-states to cloud computing and satellite systems, these oligarchs leverage personal wealth, technological mastery, and monopolistic control to bypass traditional state authority, turning themselves into quasi-sovereign actors. The essays situate these developments within historical and theoretical frameworks, comparing oligarchic power to early modern chartered corporations and the logic of state formation, while emphasizing the novel dimensions of control unique to the 21st century. Collectively, the essays demonstrate how individual technology oligarchs consolidate authority in ways that challenge traditional international relations theory, revealing a global order increasingly shaped by the ambitions and delusions of private actors.
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url
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210525101599View
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