Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhoea is a common gynaecological complaint experienced by many females in
their reproductive years. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the current
evidence relating to the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea with medicinal plants. Randomised
clinical trials (RCTs) published in English between 2008 and 2016, pertaining to the use of
medicinal plants for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea were assessed. Twenty-two RCTs
were included in the review. Most medicinal plants, with the exception ofNoni (Morinda
citrifolia),produced positive findings, with cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), damask rose
(Rosa damascena), dill (Anethumgraveolens), felty germander (Teucriumpolium), fennel
(Foeniculum vulgare), fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis),
peppermint (Mentha piperita), rhubarb (Rheum emodi), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) showing
similar efficacy to commonly used NSAIDs (ibuprofen and mefanamic acid), while ginger
(Zingiber officinale), valerian (Valeriana officinalis), wheat germ (Triticum aestivum) and
yarrow (Achillea millefolium) showed efficacy in placebo-controlled trials. While further
research is needed before definitive conclusions can be made, given their potential positive
benefits and relative safety, these herbs may be considered on an individual basis.