Abstract
Introduction: Nigeria grapples with a substantial burden of tuberculosis (TB),
particularly in Oyo State, designated as a high-burden State for TB. Effectively
addressing this persistent health challenge necessitates more than just medical
interventions; it requires a profound understanding of the diverse insights,
beliefs, and myths held by TB patients.
Methods: This qualitative study explores the perspectives of pulmonary TB
patients with delayed healthcare access in Oyo State, Nigeria, focusing on
their beliefs, and conceptions. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 TB
patients and 20 healthcare providers.
Results: Thematic analysis of patients’ responses revealed a complex interplay
between cultural, spiritual, and biomedical insights. These challenges questioned
the germ theory, associating TB with witchcraft and spiritual attacks. Beliefs in
hereditary transmission, links between tobacco use and health outcomes, and
uncertainties about infection nature underscored disparities influenced by socioeconomic
factors. Insights into transmission ideas, preventive measures, and
treatment beliefs highlighted a blend of culturally influenced and scientifically
supported strategies. Healthcare providers’ insights emphasized the necessity for
targeted health education.
Discussion: These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of TB
perceptions, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive interventions to
enhance awareness and promote timely and accurate health-seeking behaviors.