Abstract
Industry 4.0, the current technological revolution, is changing the world of work, and university graduates must have the skills and creativity to seize the opportunities it presents. South Africa (SA) produces more graduates than the job market can accommodate. Consequently, the Industry 4.0 wave adds a twofold challenge to this dynamic: On the one hand is the question of the preparedness of SA university graduates in the era of Industry 4.0, and on the other hand, the entrepreneurial abilities of university graduates against the backdrop of graduate unemployment and Industry 4.0. To fight graduate unemployment, universities in South Africa must develop and train entrepreneurial graduates with the critical skills required in the Fourth Industrial Revolution to enable them to be job creators. The research uses the Triple Helix Model to examine the roles of government, industry, and universities in preparing graduates for Industry 4.0 and entrepreneurship. Through a desktop literature review, it explores the alignment of SA higher education policy with Industry 4.0. The findings will influence curriculum policy and outline research opportunities to develop knowledge and responsiveness in graduate unemployment and Industry 4.0 in SA.