Abstract
This study investigated the structural relationships existing between the experiences of childhood adversity, peer influence, coping strategies, gender, and juvenile delinquency among in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. A cross-sectional correlational design was used in the collection of data from 450 adolescents aged from twelve to eighteen years in nine selected public secondary schools in three local government areas. Stratified random sampling ensured gender and socioeconomic representation; validated self-report instruments measured the constructs. Structural Equation Modelling was used for data analysis, whereby both direct and indirect pathways are identified whatever exists in the hypothesised model. Results showed that childhood adversities stand as an important predictor of juvenile delinquency; peer influence and maladaptive coping strategies mediated this pathway. Gender did not directly affect delinquency but shaped the patterns of coping and peer interaction. The model evidenced adequate fit, therefore supporting both mediating and moderating effects. Very strict ethical procedures were followed, such as having informed consent and confidentiality protocols. The findings called for trauma-informed interventions, peer-centered behavioural modification approaches, and gender-sensitive mental health support in schools and community contexts. These results provide an important contribution to psychological practitioners, educators, and policy developers interested in addressing adolescent delinquency within targeted, context-specific approaches. Future Journal of Namibian Studies, 45 (2025): 174-206 ISSN: 1863-5954 175 research should use longitudinal and mixed designs to establish causation and deepen understanding of the context of these psychosocial dynamics.