Abstract
Diabetes affects extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism, contributing to delayed wound
healing and lower limb amputation. Application of light (photobiomodulation, PBM) has been shown
to improve wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of PBM on cell adhesion
molecules (CAMs) in diabetic wound healing. Isolated human skin fibroblasts were grouped into a
diabetic wounded model. A diode laser at 660 nm with a fluence of 5 J/cm2 was used for irradiation
and cells were analysed 48 h post-irradiation. Controls consisted of sham-irradiated (0 J/cm2) cells.
Real-time reverse transcription (RT) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to
determine the expression of CAM-related genes. Ten genes were up-regulated in diabetic wounded
cells, while 25 genes were down-regulated. Genes were related to transmembrane molecules, cell–cell
adhesion, and cell–matrix adhesion, and also included genes related to other CAM molecules. PBM
at 660 nm modulated gene expression of various CAMs contributing to the increased healing seen in
clinical practice. There is a need for new therapies to improve diabetic wound healing. The application
of PBM alongside other clinical therapies may be very beneficial in treatment.