Abstract
The objective of this study was to thoroughly examine and understand the challenges and constraints that limit the efficiency of Botswana's labour dispute resolution system. In order to provide a strong basis for this study and sharpen the research problem, a literature review was undertaken to examine existing work in the field. The study employed a qualitative approach, using an exploratory research design framed within an interpretivist phenomenological strategy. Purposive sampling was applied to select fifteen (15) participants from Botswana and the broader SADC region, with primary data collected through virtual semi-structured interviews conducted mainly via online platforms to accommodate geographic diversity and ensure wide regional participation. The findings of the study suggests that the current framework faces several critical challenges, such as insufficient political will, limited independence, inadequate funding, under utilization of technology, and a lack of skilled personnel. These shortcomings result in delays and inefficiencies, while the system's placement within the government structure further raises questions about its neutrality and possible conflicts of interest. Drawing from the key findings, the study recommends the following measures to strengthen Botswana's dispute resolution system: creating an independent dispute Issue 3/2025 26 resolution body, ensuring firm political support, providing sufficient financial resources, integrating technology strategically, and organising training for the system`s personnel.