Abstract
Aflatoxins, toxic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, are common contaminants
of dairy feeds, leading to the presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk and dairy products. Aflatoxins
pose significant risks to food safety and public health due to their potent toxicity.
Aim:
This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of aflatoxin contamination in dairy production,
addressing key aspects, such as contamination sources, effects of processing techniques, decontamination
techniques and risk characterisation.
Methods:
A global review of aflatoxin contamination in dairy production was conducted, focusing on aflatoxin
contamination of feed, milk and dairy products, in addition to processing techniques, decontamination
methods and risk characterisation.
Findings:
The review revealed that aflatoxin levels in dairy feed remain a persistent hazard in the dairy sector,
leading to variable levels of AFM1 in milk and dairy products. While some milk processing techniques
can reduce aflatoxin levels, complete elimination while preserving nutritional and sensory
quality remains challenging.
Scientific or Industrial Implications:
The review highlights the need for strengthening regulatory compliance, adopting innovative processing
techniques and enhancing awareness to mitigate aflatoxin risks in the dairy sector. A holistic
approach involving preventive and decontamination techniques, coupled with systematic monitoring
of aflatoxin levels and climate data, is recommended as a long-term solution to this problem.