Abstract
Lateritic nickel minerals constitute about 80% of nickel reserves in the world, but their contribution for
nickel production is about 40%. The obstacles in extraction of nickel from lateritic minerals are attributed to their very
complex mineralogy and low nickel content. Hence, the existing metallurgical techniques are not techno-economically
feasible and environmentally sustainable for processing of such complex deposits. At this juncture, microbial mineral
processing could be a benevolent approach for processing of lateritic minerals in favor of nickel extraction. The microbial
mineral processing route offers many advantages over conventional metallurgical methods as the process is operated
under ambient conditions and requires low energy input; thus these processes are relatively simple and environment
friendly. Microbial processing of the lateritic deposits still needs improvement to make it industrially viable. Microorganisms
play the pivotal role in mineral bio-processing as they catalyze the extraction of metals from minerals. So it is
inevitable to explore the physiological and bio-molecular mechanisms involved in this microbe-mineral interaction.
The present article offers comprehensive information about the advances in microbial processes for extraction of nickel
from laterites.