Abstract
Advanced exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental analysis (A3E) address weaknesses in conventional exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental methods (C3E) by evaluating system interactions and improvements. This review highlights the limited application of A3E analysis in thermal systems, with fewer than 15% incorporating these techniques. Studies on endogenous exergy destruction remain scarce, and A3E assessments are lacking. To ensure sustainability, the economic and environmental impacts of exergy destruction must be evaluated. Further research is needed, particularly in thermal power plants and other thermal systems, to enhance the application of A3E analysis.