Abstract
Mental illness continues to be a significant issue in South Africa, with cultural beliefs playing a crucial role in shaping young people’s perceptions and health-seeking behaviour. Within the South African context, cultural beliefs about ancestral influence, witchcraft, and spiritual causes often intersect with modern understandings of mental health, impacting how mental illness is perceived and treated. This study aimed to explore young people’s views on the influence of culture on mental health in Pimville, South Africa. The study utilised a qualitative approach and exploratory research design, with face-to-face interviews conducted with eight participants aged 18 to 35. Thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the findings.
The study found that traditional and religious practices such as consulting traditional healers and seeking guidance from religious leaders remain a primary response to mental health issues in the community, with these figures being viewed as custodians of ancestral knowledge and spiritual authority. However, there is a growing shift among young people toward modern medical treatments, as many now combine professional counselling, therapy, and medication with cultural practices to create a holistic approach. Despite this, stigma continues to be a major barrier to seeking help, with mental health problems often viewed as signs of weakness or spiritual curses, leading to social isolation and self-stigma. Cultural expectations around gender further complicate mental health experiences, especially for young men who are pressured to suppress vulnerability, contributing to emotional distress and reluctance to seek help. The study also highlighted the dual role of family and community, offering emotional support while reinforcing cultural norms that hinder access to professional mental health care.
The study concluded that cultural beliefs are deeply ingrained in how young people in South Africa perceive mental health, and integrating these beliefs into mental health interventions is essential. To improve mental health outcomes, the study recommended that policymakers enhance access to mental health services in underserved areas and promote collaboration between traditional healers, religious leaders, and medical practitioners. It also suggested that communities should engage in educational programmes to challenge harmful traditional beliefs and reduce stigma, while healthcare professionals and educators need cultural competency training to better address mental health issues.