Abstract
The lack of adequate drinking water is one of the challenges that the world is currently facing. Membrane offers a very strong technology that is used to produce clean drinking water at a very low cost. However, like any other technologies, membranes has their own drawback which is fouling. Membrane fouling is the deposition of suspended or dissolved substances onto the membrane surface, at the pore opening or within the pores of a membrane. This normally results in loss of performance of the membranes and reduce their life span. Thin film membranes are recently used in water desalination process because of their stunning properties which includes; high water permeate flux, improved antifouling properties and better salt rejection. Monomers containing sulfonic acid groups are commonly used for preparation of active layers because they are effective for the enhancement of the permeate flux, surface charge modification and they have good antifouling properties. However, this active layers have a tendency of swelling over time...
M.Sc. (Chemistry)