Abstract
M.A. (Psychology)
This study aimed to investigate the role of two cognitive constructs,
locus of control and self-efficacy, in the treatment of
alcohol abuse/dependence. Alcohol is the most used psychoactive
drug in the world and is associated with a myriad of physical,
psychological and social problems (Kaplan & Sadock, 1994). A
review of the literature indicates the potential utility of a
cognitive conceptualisation of these alcohol-related disorders,
and that both locus of control and self-efficacy are constructs
of utility in the treatment of abuse and dependence.
It was hypothesized that the two constructs would not be present
in their positive form (high self-efficacy and internal locus of
control) in a sample of male inpatients prior to a
alcohol/dependence treatment programme. Secondly, it was
hypothesized that there would be an increase in self-efficacy and
a shift in an internal locus of control direction across treatment,
both constructs being measured before and after treatment.
Finally, it was hypothesized that a sample of inpatients in their
first ever treatment programme would be more external in their
locus of control orientation than a sample of inpatients that
have been in prior treatment programmes.
A sample of inpatients (n=22) at a suburban rehabilitation clinic
were assessed both prior to and after the programme, the sample
being further divided into a first-time treatment group (n=14)
and a repeat treatment group (n=8). Locus of control and selfefficacy
specific to drinking abstinence were assessed, and a
measure of cognitive competency was also used.
The results were than analysed statistically. The hypothesis
that the constructs would be absent in their positive form was
partially supported. The hypothesis that there would be positive
changes in both constructs across treatment was supported. The
hypothesis that the two groups would differ according to locus of
control was not supported.