Abstract
M.Ed. (Educational Management)
The school is an educational institution that has been established in order to
facilitate education. Prior to the establishment of schools, education was the
responsibility of the parents and the community. Schools therefore came into
existence when it was realised that parents could no longer cope with the
specialised skill of transferring the increased knowledge necessary for the cognitive
development of the child (Stone, 1988:22). The school is a means of handing
down norms and a philosophy of life and is also an agent of the redevelopment and
renewal of society (Stone, 1988: 18).
Education is an existential necessity which is aimed at leading the child from nonadulthood
to adulthood. Education which is a means to maturity formally takes
place at a school. Therefore a school is seen as an institution for initiation of the
development towards adulthood (Stone, 1988: 17).
For the school to attain this objective, it has to consider the total person of the
child, that is, a holistic approach towards education has to be adopted. Education
has to transmit culture to the pupils in the service of the community from which
it springs (Castelyn, 1985:49). Through the medium of its teaching, the school
should educate the child to enable him to assume his role in civilized society as a
mature adult. This can be achieved through the selection, ordering and
presentation of subject matter in such a manner that the children acquire
knowledge and skills that can be used to ensure a meaningful existence (HSRC,
1981a:11)...