Abstract
The gold mining in South Africa confronts a pressing safety issue — fall of ground incidents. This study undertook an examination to comprehend the risk factors associated with these fall of ground incidents and to devise effective mitigation strategies. Mining, integral to economic development of South Africa, inherently carries risks, with fall of ground incidents posing a persistent challenge. As a case study, the Sibanye-Stillwater gold mine, with its diverse geological settings and extensive mining history, provided a rich context for dissecting the intricacies of these incidents.
The primary focus was the occurrence of fall of ground incidents, resulting in fatalities, injuries, and near misses. Understanding the underlying causes and formulating targeted strategies is imperative for cultivating a safer work environment and ensuring the sustained viability of mining operations. Adopting a qualitative approach, historical data spanning five years from 2019-2023 was meticulously scrutinized, offering insights into the patterns and trends of fall of ground incidents. Geotechnical investigations probed geological conditions, ground support effectiveness, and rock mechanics.
Based on the analysis of historical data from the Sibanye-Stillwater gold mine between 2019 and 2023, encompassing the Covid-19 era, proposed mitigation strategies were crafted. These strategies include immediate, short-term, and long-term measures tailored to address identified risk factors. Immediate measures entail regular geotechnical mapping and targeted ground support in high-risk zones. Short-term strategies involve mentorship programs, enhanced safety training, and advanced drilling and blasting techniques. Long-term solutions encompass geological mapping, technological integration, and research and development initiatives.
The analysis revealed fluctuations in total incidents, with a consistent distribution of serious injuries exceeding 50%, alongside a concerning increase in injuries in 2023 despite the absence of fatalities. In conclusion, the project outcomes underscored the complex challenges faced by the Sibanye-Stillwater gold mine in mitigating fall of ground incidents. The proposed mitigation strategies offer a pathway towards addressing these challenges comprehensively, fostering a safer and more sustainable future for mining operations. Continuous monitoring, adaptation, and a commitment to safety culture are imperative for navigating the dynamic landscape of mining risks.