Abstract
Diaspora tourism can provide a unique yet significant economic benefit for many developing countries that are not typically known for mass tourism. For example, it helps foster a sense of local identity, creates awareness, and protects historic sites, especially amongst the younger generations. The primary aim of this research was to explore the impacts that diaspora tourists have on the economic development of Cameroon. This was achieved by examining the perceptions of Cameroonians residing in Johannesburg. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach incorporating qualitative and quantitative techniques, where the quantitative element was dominant. A questionnaire survey was designed, comprising open and closed-ended questions informed by a review of the literature. A purposive sampling technique involving the convenience and snowballing techniques was employed to target Cameroonians living in Johannesburg. To meet the inclusion criteria, respondents had to have a legal status in South Africa, have lived in South Africa for more than 5 years and have made at least one visit to Cameroon. The fieldwork resulted to 313 valid surveys, which were captured and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software.
Key findings reveal a male-dominated sample of respondents who are well educated with many having a degree. Their primary motives for moving to South Africa was driven by the search for better economic activities and education. These individuals are heavily involved in the business and entrepreneurship and education sectors in terms of employment or income-generating activities. Findings also reveal that many have made multiple trips to Cameroon over the years, driven by the need to visit family and friends and to take part in cultural or special occasions that warrants their presence. Impact in terms of economic contribution can be linked to family expenditures on food and beverages, long stays in accommodation, visiting leisure attractions and spending on souvenirs. Further investments made in real estate development, small businesses and agriculture indicate the significance of this cohort of tourists and their contribution to the economic development of Cameroon. The study has planning implications for relevant tourism stakeholders in Cameroon.