Abstract
Abstract : Bluetooth Low-energy (BLE) and Near-field Communication (NFC) are two of the recently emerging short range wireless communication technologies that transmit information in the 13.56 MHz and 2.4 GHz radio frequency bands respectively. NFC technology is made up of several standards that include both passive tags as well as active NFC-enabled mobile phones and readers such as the ISO/IEC 14443, the ISO/IEC 1800-3, the NFC Forum and ECMA-340 to name just a few [1]. This technology is based on the radio frequency identification (RFID) standard and uses the principle of electromagnetism and mutual induction to transmit data. It transmits data at a range of 4 – 10 cm and transmits information at data rates of 106, 212 and 424 kbps. This technology uses amplitude shift keying (ASK) and load modulation (LM) to map and transmit data. Bluetooth is based on the IEEE 802.15 standard. Its transmission coverage ranges up to 350 m, depending on the devices power classification and its version. This technology comes in various forms, each with its own performance features that enable the user to choose according to their system requirements. Bluetooth supports data rates up to 24 Mbps [2]. It uses Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) and variations of phase shift keying (PSK) to transmit data. With the emergence of the internet of things/everything (IoT/E), these technologies are identified as the most likely to be instrumental in the success of this application area. One of the reasons that serve to validate this claim, is the fact that both technologies have already (both historically and with emergence) been widely implemented and used in several devices such as smart mobile phones and appliances. To add to that, these technologies offer advantages of low power consumption, mobility, inherent security features, relatively high data rates and the ability to be incorporated in devices that contain networks such as mobile data transmission (Long-term Evolution (LTE), Third Generation (3G) and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)), which will enable devices ease of access in the internet and data...
M.Ing. (Electrical Engineering)