Abstract
M.Sc.
Scientific relevance: Qualitative and quantitative data is presented that give a new
perspective on the traditional medicinal plants of the Khoisan (Khoe-San), one of the
most ancient of human cultures. The data is not only of considerable historical and
cultural value, but allows for fascinating comparative studies relating to new species
records, novel use records and the spatial distribution of traditional medicinal plant
use knowledge within the Cape Floristic Region.
Aim of the study: A detailed documentation and quantitative analysis of medicinal
plants of the Kamiesberg area (an important Khoisan and Nama cultural centre) and
their medicinal traditional uses, which have hitherto remained unrecorded.
Materials and methods: During four study visits to the Kamiesberg, semi-structured
and structured interviews were conducted with 23 local inhabitants of the
Kamiesberg, mostly of Khoisan decent. In addition to standard methodology, a newly
developed Matrix Method was used to quantity medicinal plant knowledge.
Results: The Kamiesberg is an important center of extant Nama ethnomedicinal
information but the knowledge is rapidly disappearing. Of a total of 101 medicinal
plants and 1375 anecdotes, 21 species were recorded for the first time as having
traditional medicinal uses and at least 284 medicinal use records were new. The
relative importance, popularity and uses of the plants were quantified. The 97 newly
documented vernacular names include 23 Nama (Khoekhoegowab) names and an
additional 55 new variations of known names. The calculated Ethnobotanical
Knowledge Index (EKI) and other indices accurately quantify the level of knowledge
and will allow for future comparisons, not only within the Kamiesberg area but also
with other southern African communities of Khoisan decent.
Conclusion: The results showed that the Kamiesberg is an important focal point of
Khoisan (Nama) traditional knowledge but that the medicinal plants have not yet
been systematically recorded in the scientific literature. There are numerous new use
records and new species records that are in need of scientific study. Comparative
data is now available for broader comparisons of the pattern of Khoisan plants use in
southern Africa and the study represents another step towards a complete synthesis
of Cape Herbal Medicine.