Abstract
M.Sc. (Computer Science)
Computer security is a key component in any computer system. Traditionally computers were not connected to one another. This centralized configuration made the implementation of computer security a relatively easy task. The closed nature of the system limited the number of unknown factors that could cause security breaches. The users and their access rights were generally well defined and the system was protected from outside threats through simple, yet effective control measures. The evolution of network environments changed the computer environment and in effect also computer security. It became more difficult to implement protection measures because the
nature of the environment changed from closed to open. New defenses had to be developed for security issues like unknown parameters, increased points of attack, unknown paths of information etc. Businesses and the general public today depend on network systems and no person can ignore these and other related security problems. The widespread publicity of attacks, and better customer awareness on security issues, created a need for new solutions for computer security.
Security organisations, businesses and universities are addressing these problems through the
development of security standards and security solutions.Today computer systems are
becoming more "safe" through new products such as encryption and decryption algorithms,
single-sign on password facilities, biometrics systems, smart cards, firewalls etc. Another
important security consideration is Access Control. Access Control is responsible for
controlling the actions of users to resources.