Abstract
Introduction: Cholera remains a recurrent public health threat in Zimbabwe, particularly in rural districts, such as Buhera, where inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure exacerbate outbreaks. Healthcare workers are central to outbreak response but encounter high occupational exposure risks. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers in Buhera District concerning cholera prevention and control.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 221 healthcare workers derived from 31 facilities using stratified random sampling. The questionnaire included three main themes on knowledge (transmission, prevention, occupational risks), attitudes (concern, confidence, safety protocols), and practices (personal protective equipment use, hand hygiene, waste disposal) related to cholera exposure. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire administered electronically through Kobo Toolbox and in paper format where necessary. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences to generate descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative responses were subjected to thematic analysis. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Johannesburg Research Ethics Committee, and informed consent was obtained from respondents. A total of 187 healthcare workers completed the survey, resulting in a response rate of 84.6%.
Results and discussion: Of the 187 healthcare workers who responded, the study population comprised females (71%), including nurses (50%) and nurse aides (32%). The majority of HCWs held a diploma (65%) or certificate (33%) and had between one and 10 years of experience (78%). The findings indicate that although most healthcare workers reported moderate to good knowledge of cholera, 61% rated their knowledge as good or excellent. There was divergence in knowledge of prevention and case management, particularly among HCWs without formal cholera-specific training. A statistically significant association was established between formal cholera training and knowledge levels (p < 0.001). Attitudes reflected a high level of concern about cholera exposure, but limited confidence in the facility's preparedness for such an event. Practices were inconsistent, with firm reliance on gloves and masks but limited use of gowns, shoe covers, and safe waste disposal methods. The results emphasise a disconnect between...