Abstract
In the face of climate change, small-scale farmholders are confronted by the rising challenges
posed by climate variability such as droughts in areas, and this frequently makes it difficult for
them to adjust and sustain their productivity levels. This study has explored the integration of
Indigenous Local Knowledge (ILK) and other knowledge systems for sustainable drought
monitoring in Masisi Village, Vhembe, Limpopo Province. It examines the effectiveness of
Integrating Indigenous and Local-based Knowledge approaches for Drought Monitoring with
other knowledge systems to enhance small-holder farming within the Masisi Village in Vhembe,
Limpopo province in the face of climate change.
A qualitative methodology was adopted with a case study research design approach to gather data
from small-scale farmers, local leaders, and experts. Findings reveal that traditional practices used
to observe environmental change, plant phenology and weather conditions to predict drought
remain valuable but are increasingly challenged by climate change. Farmers use drought
monitoring methods by employing water conservation methods and resilient farming techniques
such as boreholes and water tanks that contribute to lessen the effects of drought and promoting
sustainability. Therefore, integrating Indigenous and local-based knowledge practices with tools
such as meteorological data in drought forecasting efforts can greatly improve accuracy.
Furthermore, employing modern systems, including meteorological data can offer precision and
scalability but these often lack local contextual relevance.
Several key challenges have been identified in drought monitoring, such as limited access to
technology, resource constraints such as funding, infrastructure and training, and inadequate
governance structures. The research has further identified that the effective integration of ILK and
modern systems requires policy support, capacity building, and community involvement. The
research findings underscore the importance of inclusive decision-making processes and
collaborative research partnerships to develop hybrid monitoring systems that enhance resilience
and sustainability. Recommendations include establishing community-based monitoring
committees, fostering interdisciplinary research, and integrating drought management frameworks
into the school curriculum to preserve ILK methods. This integration can potentially improve
agricultural productivity, ensure food security, and promote sustainable development in Masisi
Village and similar contexts.