Abstract
Women’s safety in urban environments is a critical issue that has received increasing attention. Understanding and addressing these issues is crucial for promoting gender equity and making cities more accessible and inclusive. Studies have shown that in the past, urban planning and design often overlooked the unique challenges faced by women, perpetuating gender inequity (Reeves et al., 2012; Ginger, 2013). This study explored the influence of urban design elements on women’s perception of safety in Plein Street, Johannesburg, South Africa. Through participatory mapping, follow-up interviews with women who regularly navigate the area, and semi-structured interviews with municipal officials, the study delved into the experiences and perspectives of these women. The findings of the study revealed that urban design elements such as lighting and visibility, surveillance, movement networks, image and aesthetics, and territoriality significantly influence women’s perceptions of safety on Plein Street. Inadequate lighting and visibility, as two of these factors, contribute to women feeling unsafe on Plein Street, leading many women to avoid walking on Plein Street after dark. The study further uncovered that women felt particularly unsafe in congested areas, especially around the MTN Taxi Rank because they felt more exposed to harassment and other potential dangers. The findings of the study emphasise the importance of a gender-sensitive, intersectional, and contextual approach to urban design, as different women face varying levels of vulnerability based on their backgrounds and circumstances. For Plein Street specifically, the study recommends, among other things, a regulated approach to informal trading, reducing the taxi routes starting and ending at MTN Taxi Rank, and implementing a one-way traffic system to reduce congestion. Ultimately, the recommendations aim to create a safer inner City of Johannesburg that prioritises women’s and other marginalised groups’ safety and well-being. By addressing these urban design challenges, this study contributes to the global dialogue on gender equity in urban planning and aims to foster inclusive and safe public streets for all community members.