Abstract
The study explored how two amaZioni Christian Churches in Soweto construct and shape masculinities among their male members and how these masculinities impact their relationships with other men and women in their community. A qualitative research method was employed to achieve this aim, using interviews with some men and women who are active members of the studied churches. These interviews gave insights into participants' lived experiences and the support offered by the studied churches to men who attend them. Key findings reveal how masculinities in Soweto are shaped by various factors, both positively and negatively. Social factors and cultural factors such as unemployment, childhood trauma, the absence of a father, male dominance, entitlement and having multiple sexual partners shape masculinities negatively. Positive forms of masculinity were said to be shaped by social and cultural factors such as communal parenting, the concept of respect and men's ability to protect and support others.
Religious factors consisting of male leadership, patriarchal interpretations of scriptures, and the support and values taught by church leaders and members were highlighted in this research as factors that contribute positively and negatively towards shaping masculinities. Additionally, these findings indicated that these factors impact men's relationships with other community members. The findings highlighted ways in which the teachings and practices of the two studied churches positively reshaped and shaped the masculine ideologies of their male members and their relationships. Masculinities are shaped positively by teaching the practice of love, humility, self-respect, and the interpretation of scriptures. Emotional, financial, spiritual and fatherly support were discovered as contributors that shape positive masculinities and relationships that men have with other individuals.