Abstract
Concrete is the most widely used construction material globally, valued for its fire resistance, durability, and versatility in taking different shape. This study aims to promote sustainable construction by incorporating alternative materials such as Fly Ash (FA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), and Silica Fume (SF) to reduce reliance on natural resources traditionally used in concrete production, particularly by minimizing cement content.
The research evaluated the effects of these extenders on the performance of concrete in infrastructure applications, comparing various mixes to a control mix containing 0% extenders. Experimental testing revealed while high levels of FA, GGBS, and SF result in delayed early strength development, their inclusion significantly improves the long-term durability of concrete compared to the control mix.
Based on these findings, the study recommends greater industry engagement in research and investment toward the advancement of extender based concrete technologies. Future research should focus on optimizing combinations of extenders and developing additives to enhance both early-age and long-term performance. This study advocates for a shift toward more sustainable, cost-effective, and environmentally conscious construction practices.