Abstract
Pneumoconiosis, particularly coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP), is a significant occupational health concern for coal mine workers, both at the surface and underground. This condition arises from the cumulative inhalation of respirable coal mine dust (RCMD). A systematic review of the literature revealed that factors such as geographic location, mine size, mining operation type, coal-seam thickness, coal rank, changes in mining practices, technological advancements, and engineering dust control practices contribute to the incidence of CWP. The resurgence of CWP cases has been noted, despite a significant decrease in respiratory diseases in the 1990s. The review suggests that while there is evidence of these contributing factors, further detailed studies are needed due to the methodological constraints of existing research This study focused on injuries between 2021 and 2023.
The study aimed to investigate factors associated with pneumoconiosis (CWP) among surface and underground coal mine workers in Secunda, Mpumalanga.
The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire designed to capture demographic information, knowledge, attitudes, and awareness levels related to pneumoconiosis and health practices in the workplace. The survey included a sample of 239 coal mine workers selected through stratified random sampling to ensure diversity in age, education level, and job role within the coal mining industry in Secunda. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including frequency distribution and correlation analysis, to identify associations between knowledge levels and demographic factors.
The results showed that moderate knowledge of pneumoconiosis was observed, with younger workers and those with lower educational backgrounds showing the least awareness. Positive attitudes towards health and safety practices were noted; however, adherence to the consistent use of PPE remained inadequate. Workers with access to medical benefits and prior training demonstrated a significantly higher awareness level regarding pneumoconiosis. Findings revealed that while coal mine workers in Secunda possess some knowledge and generally positive attitudes towards preventing pneumoconiosis, significant improvements are needed in consistent PPE use and awareness initiatives tailored to younger and less-educated workers. The study recommends implementation of continuous health education and training programs focused on pneumoconiosis,
targeting younger and less-educated workers. More so, the study recommends expanding access to medical benefits and support services to improve health awareness and preventive behaviours among workers.