Abstract
The Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic posed unprecedented challenges to occupational health, particularly in underrepresented sectors such as electricity distribution. This study assessed the efficacy of COVID-19 preventive measures among field staff at the Northern Cape Power Distribution Company, aiming to identify infection dynamics, evaluate implemented mitigation strategies, and address gaps in preventive measures. A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed, surveying 154 field workers across various technical roles. The study employed a simple random sampling method to select respondents. Data was gathered using a structured questionnaire in 2024. The data was analysed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were applied to summarise demographic and occupational characteristics. A Chi-square test (χ²) was conducted to assess associations between categorical variables, such as personal protective equipment (PPE) provision and perceived effectiveness, as well as the link between workplace exposure and COVID-19 diagnosis. Independent sample t-tests were used to compare means between groups, particularly in assessing differences in the perceived effectiveness of preventive measures among vaccinated and unvaccinated employees. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare infection trends across multiple occupational groups. Additionally, logistic regression was used to determine factors influencing adherence to preventive measures. The majority of respondents were male, with the highest representation among senior and technical officials. Infections were highest among mid-tenure employees (10–25 years), and 55.8% of respondents believed their infections were work-related. Univariate analysis showed that senior and technical officials were most affected. Preventive measures like quarantine and PPE provision were commonly deemed adequate, though gaps were noted in PPE availability and protocol enforcement. Statistical analysis confirmed significant associations between job roles and infection, with senior and technical officials at higher risk. Vaccinated employees were more likely to view PPE as effective, and infections varied significantly across occupational groups. Logistic regression highlighted PPE availability as a key factor in adherence to preventive measures. The study emphasises the importance of tailored workplace strategies, improved PPE distribution, and focused health training to mitigate COVID-19 transmission in high-exposure roles.