Abstract
A transformer is a static machine used for transforming power from one circuit to another without changing frequency. Power transformer maintenance is critical to electricity utilities. Transformer failure results in both electricity outage and replacement cost. In this research study, a mixed methodology was adopted, namely qualitative and quantitative research methods. Semi-structured interviews and archival data collection methods were used. A total of 10 participants with transformer maintenance experience were interviewed and 30 transformer investigation reports were analysed to determine causes of failure. The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of inadequate transformer maintenance on transformer failure.
In the quantitative analysis, it was found that maintenance failure to mitigate known risk, failure to follow maintenance procedure, and a lack of skills were the top three maintenance factors, while in the qualitative analysis, it was found that a lack of skills, inadequate maintenance procedures, and inadequate knowledge about equipment were the top three maintenance factors.
It was found that these critical factors contribute to inadequate transformer maintenance. If distribution utilities do inadequate power transformer maintenance, it is likely that they will experience an unplanned interruption of supply due to transformer failure. It is, therefore, recommended that utilities invest more in the continuous training and knowledge enhancement of all personnel in every step of the maintenance cycle. It is further recommended that utilities consider the use of online transformer monitoring to assist in detecting defects before transformer failure. Online transformer monitoring will further reduce human intervention, which will increase the reliability of power transformers and reduce costs related to transformer failure.
Keywords: Electricity; Maintenance; Transformer