Abstract
Background: Drug abuse is a global phenomenon affecting almost every country in varying degrees, with illicit drug use affecting not only the health and lives of individual users but also undermining the social, and cultural foundation of societies. The high rate of substance abuse globally and in South Africa, coupled with the fact that maintaining sobriety after substance abuse is a subject that is under-researched in South Africa, prompted the researcher to conduct this study. The aim of the study was to explore factors that may influence former substance users to maintain sobriety after exiting treatment centres in Johannesburg.
Method: Qualitative research was utilized to observe participants who have maintained sobriety after exiting SANCA treatment centres in Johannesburg. Six participants were recruited and interviewed to collect data from the former substance users.
Findings: Participants were internally and externally motivated to seek treatment. The findings revealed that acceptance of substance abuse as a problem, reaching rock bottom, social support, religion, family support, personal development and participation in work, environmental control, the 12-step programme and maintaining a solid relationship with the sponsors played a major role in maintaining sobriety.
These findings are supported by the social control theory applied in this study. The theory emphasises on the need for an individual’s strong bonds with family, friends, school, work, religion, and other characteristics of traditional society. Indicating that these, motivate individuals to engage in responsible behaviour and refrain from deviant behaviour (Hirschi, 2017).
Conclusion: The research has shown that with personal commitments and determination to break away from substance abuse, coupled with supportive social bonds with family and peers, an individual can sustain sobriety for a long time.