Abstract
M.Ing.
The aim of this dissertation is to apply numerical aerodynamic principles to the
characterization of an alternative stepped aerofoil concept. The accurate and efficient
determination of the aerodynamic forces caused by the relative fluid motion and the
consequent lift and drag coefficients are essential for the characterization of new
aerofoils.
The numerical method used is in the form of a Computational Fluid Dynamics code,
which integrates the Navier-Stokes equations through finite-volume dictretization
principals. A two-dimensional approximate analysis procedure is used together with a
two-equation turbulence approximation in the form of the "standard" k-c turbulence
model. Available software is used and adapted where applicable.
A suitable method for comparing wing section characteristics as a function of profile
geometry and attitude is developed in this thesis. This is achieved by first refining a
numerical test case and quantifying the influences of model parameters such as grid
design, boundary conditions and solution variables. Alternative geometrical aerofoil
concepts can then be characterized by employing the same principles. This thesis
contains selected results of hundreds such numerical simulations, all of which were
necessary to refine the test case and eventually characterize the aerofoils.
The proposed wing section geometry, incorporating a rearward-facing step shows
some improvement in aerodynamic performance over a standard reference case.
Geometrical variations of the step concept are also investigated and can later be used
in an optimization procedure. A transient simulation approach is employed for
unsteady cases and flow visualization is done in order to learn more about the unique
aerodynamic action of the proposed concept. Experimental results obtained in a wind tunnel for the pressure around the
investigated aerofoils are used to verify numerical results.
Further development in the numerical approach may include the use of additional,
more advanced turbulence models. This may allow the research of more complex
phenomena such as stall and also broader ranges of Reynolds numbers in more detail.
To complete the characterization process, the moment coefficients should also be
included.