Abstract
Background The problem statement identified for this study concerns the paucity of research on the knowledge of, attitude and practice of clinical year Chiropractic, Homeopathy and Podiatry students at the University of Johannesburg toward depression among patients. Aim The primary aim of this research was to determine the level of knowledge, favourable attitude and general practice toward patients that might present with depression. The secondary aim was to determine whether an interventional program is required to increase the level of knowledge, establish a favourable attitude as well as assist in proper management of depression in practice. Research methodology A quantitative, exploratory study was conducted among the clinical year Chiropractic, Homeopathy and Podiatry students at the University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein campus. The sample consisted of 150 students that participated in the study. The study was conducted through a survey that used a questionnaire to collect data. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics to analyse participants’ level of knowledge, attitude and practice toward patients with depression. Results and discussion Overall, our baseline revealed that the Chiropractic, Homeopathy and Podiatry students in this study show sufficient knowledge, favourable attitude and adequate practice toward depression, although certain criteria require further attention. Regarding knowledge, attention should be targeted towards the awareness of quick screening tools and available mental health facilities for referral of patients. When it comes to attitude, there is still room for improvement regarding confidence and comfortableness toward depressive disorder. Students should also become aware that their profession is a well-placed gatekeeper for the detection of mental health vii disorders. However, this could be attributed to insufficient training and a general lack in confidence. Although the sample group in this study can be considered adequate regarding practice towards diagnosis and management, focus should remain on referral options and alternative treatment advice. Although training is not an immediate need, future intervention and training programs to further improve knowledge, attitude and practice toward depression, could be very beneficial. Conclusion and recommendations In conclusion, the baseline results revealed adequate knowledge, attitude and practice towards depression. Therefore there is no immediate need for an educational training program. Although recently, several studies evaluating the effectiveness of education programs have shown promising results regarding increased knowledge and self-efficacy, more favourable attitudes towards depression, improved detection and treatment practices, a more deliberate use of medical versus non-medical treatment, improved patient outcomes and reduced suicide rates. Therefore, further training regarding depression and other mental disorders will always be of benefit to improve non-psychiatric physicians’ skills in this setting.
M.Tech. (Chiropractic)