Abstract
Background: ESKAPE-related infections pose a serious challenge to the health sector as they are known to be resistant to the current antibiotics. This led to the investigation of secondary metabolites from Staphylococcus species [(S. saprophyticus (ATCC 35552), S. epidermidis (ATCC 51625) and S. aureus (isolated from milk)] as a possible solution to alleviate ESKAPE-related conditions. Methods: Secondary metabolites were screened by Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrophotometry (GC/MS/MS), then purified using silica gel and thin layer chromatography plates. The normal distribution for prominent secondary was achieved by using the Kruskal Wallis Test. Compounds were then identified using nuclear magnetic resonance and such were tested for antimicrobial properties against ESKAPE bacteria by autobiography and microtiter plates respectively. The cytotoxicity studies were carried out against Vero cells using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazole)-2,5 diphenyl-2- H bromide tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The Spearman`s correlation analysis method was used to evaluate if values were statistically significant. Results: Different classes of compounds were identified, among others were hetrocyclic compounds, amino acid and alcohols. The data analysis for prominent compounds revealed the percentage peak area average was not normally distributed. To achieve normal distribution for prominent secondary, Kruskal Wallis Test was carried to reach the value that was statistically significant (p= 0.396). The identified compounds include: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (Fluoranthene) and (heterocyclic compound) 3-methyl-2-phenyl- 1H-pyrrole from S. aureus. Two compounds from S. epidermidis were: amide (oleamide) and fatty acid (ester methyl palmitate), and four from S...
D.Tech. (Biomedical Technology)