Abstract
The application of 3D printing technology in water and wastewater infrastructure has the potential to revolutionize the way we design, construct and manage these critical systems. This paper explores the potential of 3D printing to transform the generation of water and wastewater substructure, including pipes, pumps, and treatment units. The current state of 3D printing technology is examined. Its capabilities and limitations, emerging trends, new materials, designs and fabrication is discussed herein. The potential benefit in water and wastewater management, including reduced cost, improved efficiency, and enhanced sustainability is discussed. The analysis suggest that 3D printing can enable the creation of complex geometries, customized design and integrated systems that can improve the performance and resilience of water and wastewater infrastructure. The key research directions and implementation strategies to support the adoption of 3D printing in water and wastewater management.