Abstract
Cancer is a term for a collection of diseases in which atypical cells proliferate uncontrollably and can invade nearby tissue as well as metastasise throughout the body. There is an increase in cancer occurrence due to the growth and aging of the general population, as well as an increasing prevalence of established risk factors (Thun et al., 2010). Cancer statistics projected, that there will be an increase of 68% of cancer incidences by 2030 worldwide. Cancers commonly diagnosed are lung, breast, bowel and prostate cancer, where these cancers account for 4 in 10 cases diagnosed globally (UK, 2018). Lung cancer is the foremost cause of cancer mortality among males in both more and less developed countries, and has exceeded breast cancer as the primary cause of cancer death among females in more developed countries (Rafiemanesh et al., 2016). Residing within a tumour are a small subset of neoplastic cells capable of tumour genesis called cancer stem cells (CSCs), they have characteristics similar to normal stem cells (SCs) which include, self-renewal and pluripotency through which the generation of heterogeneous cells can construct the entire tumour (Rich, 2016). Research on CSCs due to resistance to conventional therapies and inability in complete eradication of cancer is critical for developing novel therapeutic strategies for a more effective reduction in the risk of tumour metastasis and cancer recurrence (Abbaszadegan et al., 2017). ..
D.Tech. (Biomedical Technology)