Abstract
D.Ing.
Biomaterials are required for the tissue engineering applications where they can be used to refunctionalise the broken bones that are unable to heal naturally. Bone healing can be achieved by means of cementless scaffolds made from Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Ti-6Al-4V is biocompatible, because of the apatite layer (TiO2) that readily forms on the surface of the metal; however, this alloy is bio-inert while; bio-integration or chemical bonding is not achieved immediately after implantation. Ti-6Al-4V alloy has low elastic moduli that are closer, but do not match those of the natural bones. Hence, after a while, the implanted scaffold causes wear debris that can lead to inflammatory diseases caused by the leaching of the alloying elements (V ions) into the human body’s fluid system...