Abstract
Water scarcity and water pollution are some of the major problems a lot of areas around the world are facing. There are a lot of methods proposed to tackle water scarcity such as wastewater reuse, rainwater harvesting, desalination, solar and ultraviolent water filtration, etc. In addition, polluted water issue can be resolved by finding better ways of disposing toxic chemicals and medical waste as they are major pollutants in wastewater that can be hard to remove from wastewater. Several wastewater treatment methods used over years include adsorption, ion exchange, coagulation or flocculation, chemical precipitation, electrochemical, biofilm technologies, membrane separation technology, desalination, etc. Some of these methods were used to treat water for potable and some for non-potable end-use, also coupling of the methods have better effectiveness. Herein, prepared treatment methods such as activated-carbon-UiO-66-NH2@GO used for greywater reclamation, flocculation-activated-carbon-UiO-66-NH2@GO, and flocculation-UiO-66-NH2-pSBMA@GO treatment system were used for upgrading multi-metal containing wastewater. UiO-66-NH2@GO/PES membranes exhibited high antifouling properties over six fouling-washing cycles except for membranes with high filler content (3.0%). This membrane had bigger pore sizes which subsequently enhanced its performance. The cost of operating this AC-UF treatment system is a bit expensive compared to other systems, but its lifespan is longer. The same system was used for the treatment of multi-metal-containing wastewater, however, the system had to be coupled with the flocculation process due to the small size of the foulants. C8030 polyelectrolyte used started forming the flocs after ~10 min, it was cost- and time-effective. Comparing the system AC, flocculation-UiO-66-NH2@GO and flocculation-AC-UiO-66-NH2@GO, the third treatment system (flocculation-AC-UiO-66-NH2@GO) exhibited performed better...
Ph.D. (Chemistry)