Abstract
Abstract:
Manufacturing industries have objectives of improving productivity and economic growth while simultaneously reducing energy consumption and lessening environmental impact. Energy is a vital resource for the manufacturing industry. However, environmental impacts are a major concern for energy use in manufacturing. It is important to control and manage the way energy is consumed to reduce costs and carbon emissions. This research focused on the energy consumption and carbon emissions for the manufacturing industry in South Africa from 1999 to 2015. Index decomposition analysis (IDA) and historical trends analysis were used to analyse drivers of manufacturing energy consumption and to understand rebound effects respectively. Sub-sectoral analysis alongside the index of energy effectiveness (IoEE) was formulated which analysed and ranked selected manufacturing sub-sectors in terms of its effectiveness in energy use.