Abstract
The fourth industrial revolution combines cyberphysical
systems with manufacturing processes, enabling
industries to automate and maintain their production in real
time. Smart technologies open new global markets and increase
global economy, however there are some challenges associated
with the implementation such as lack of skilled manpower, social
inequality, potential disruption in labor market, cyber-risks, etc.
This paper investigates the opportunities and challenges
associated with the adoption and implementation of smart
factory in South Africa using extensive review of available
literatures, which is triangulated using a single case study. It was
observed that the current adoption of smart technologies is low.
South African manufacturing industry and existing workforce
will require upgrades to match skills required for smart factory.
Smart factory may displace specific labor force with automation,
however it will also create new types of jobs. Some industries are
already using flexible production and producing customerspecific
goods, which indicates that these industries will easily
transform to mass customization. Cyber-risks and privacy issues
of digital revolution provides a platform for existing ICT
professionals to engage in R&D, as well as create new jobs
related to development of security systems and software.
Industries and people are showing certain level of acceptance,
however they are yet to fully engage in smart factory.