Abstract
Duplex stainless steel (SAF 2205) reinforced with titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles
ranging from 0 to 8 wt% were fabricated in vacuum via spark plasma sintering (SPS) using
optimized SPS process parameter of 1150 oC, 10 min and 100 oC/min. The influence of TiN addition on
the densification and shrinkage mechanism of the fabricated duplex stainless steel composite were
evaluated. The results indicate even dispersion of the TiN nanoparticles in the steel matrix during
tubular mixing. The displacement and shrinkage rates showed three densification stages relating
to micro-nano particles rearrangement, plastic deformation of the particles and rapid densification
of the composite. The steel composite samples displayed relatively high densities in the range of
96-99 % of the calculated theoretical density but
were noted to decrease with TiN content.