Abstract
The scarcity of affordable, sustainable, safe, and clean water is one of the major challenges faced by the world. The use of polymeric membranes in wastewater treatment has become a major solution in fighting water scarcity. Some of these membranes (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration) operate at low pressure when compared to reverse osmosis. However, permeability, selectivity, and fouling limit the application of these polymeric membranes. The incorporation of nanomaterials into the polymeric matrix has resolved such problems in membrane technology. Recent studies show that nanomaterials such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene oxide (GO), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and iron-based nanoparticles are promising nanomaterials for membrane technology with high permeability, selectivity, and antifouling performance. This chapter represents the application of MOF-based nanocomposite membranes for the rejection of anionic and cationic dyes. This chapter reviews various nanocomposite membranes in dye rejection. Conclusions and future perspectives have been drawn and discussed.